Strong oblique shock waves in granular free-surface flows

Strong oblique shock waves of granular flow are a steady-state solution formed when free-surface deflects around wedge-shaped obstacle at supercritical speed, but they do not usually occur because their formation requires specific conditions to be satisfied downstream the wave. This paper discusses method generating strong wave in laboratory experiment and numerical simulation. The is conducted on plexiglass chute inclined an angle horizontal, which dry material released from hopper top form channelized that passes wedge downslope location. In order generate wave, second gate established control out only designed time height. Such flowing process simulated with depth-averaged model, where above two-gate system mirrored into inlet outlet boundaries, respectively. investigated through transient field, good agreement observed between Then, interaction weak shocks analyzed result can regarded as third it by just changing opening gate. With dramatic change thickness velocity across shock, bulk inertial number, used quantify rheological relation materials, becomes extremely small, does seem affect behavior discussed this paper.